Fear the Robots! arguing the affirmative

Brief Preview

First Government

A.              Prime Minister:

1.               Intro: Robots. To inform, awaken, and prove that robots deserve our fear

a)               Teammate

(1)            Robots threaten Jobs

(2)            Consume immense amounts of money

b)               My points

(1)            Increase of Robotic Intelligence

(2)            Robots in the Military

2.               Definition of Phobia:

a)               A strong fear, dislike, or aversion of a specific thing

b)               Just like Acrophobia - Heights, Selachophobia - Sharks, Belonephobia – Pins and Needles, and Anuptaphobia – Staying Single

c)               Automotonaphobia – Robots is a real fear and they should be feared.

3.               Increase of Robotic Intelligence

a)               Ray Kurzweil – The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence

(1)            Computers will have the same computing speed and capacity as the human brain.

(2)            Ray – Computers will collectively exceed human intelligence

(3)            In a few decades, computers will be able to gather information on their own.

4.               This is similar to the Singularity Principle

a)               It states that once robots get to greater-than-human-intelligence, they will be creating more advanced and more powerful technologies- continually building upon what they already have.

(1)            …and let me assure you, what they already have is reason enough to be apprehensive and intimidated and afraid of robots

(2)            I’m not saying we need to fear things like Ferbies or Roombas, although Ferbies do make me nervous. The robots will create more advanced and more powerful military robots, which is what I’d like to discuss next.

5.               Robots are being used more and more in today’s militaries.

a)               118 Drone-bombs

(1)            Governments around the world are rushing to create military robots capable of killing autonomously without considering legal and moral implications

b)               Noel Sharkey of Sheffield University, UK

(1)            Some robots that are well on their way to autonomously killing are the X-47B Fighter Jet and the Super Aegis II.

c)               Ronald Arkin: a robotics researcher at Georgia Tech University thinks that Robotic weaponry could be good for two reasons.

(1)            Human combatants are far from perfect- Saved lives of the innocent

(2)            The second reason Arkin gave for robotic weapons being good was in a story he told.

6.               Conclusion: The day that robots can advance weaponry like the X-47B and the Super Aegis and also refuse orders of humans, that is the day that we will be doomed.

7.               Works Cited

a)               Kapur, Sahil. "US Fires 118 Drone Bombs at Pakistan, Killing Just Two Most-wanted Terrorists | The Raw Story." The Raw Story | America's #1 Completely Independent News and Politics Source. Web. 07 Dec. 2011. <http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/02/21/us-fires-118-drone-bombs-at-pakistan-killing-just-two-most-wanted-terrorists/>.

b)               "'Robot Arms Race' Underway, Expert Warns - Tech - 27 February 2008 - New Scientist." Science News and Science Jobs from New Scientist - New Scientist. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. <http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13382-robot-arms-race-underway-expert-warns.html>.

c)               "The ‘Singularity’ Draws Closer: What Happens When Computers Are Smarter than Humans? | SmartPlanet." SmartPlanet - Innovative Ideas That Impact Your World. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. <http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/business-brains/the-8216singularity-draws-closer-what-happens-when-computers-are-smarter-than-humans/3309>.

d)               "Singularity University: Preparing for the Future » FutureGuru." Web. 07 Dec. 2011. <http://www.globalfuturist.com/blog/2009/02/11/singularity-university-preparing-for-the-future/>.

e)               "South Korea’s Robot Machine Gun Turret Can See You Coming 3 Km Away | Singularity Hub." Singularity Hub | The Future Is Here Today…Robotics, Genetics, AI, Longevity, The Brain…. Web. 07 Dec. 2011. <http://singularityhub.com/2010/12/16/south-koreas-robot-machine-gun-turret-can-see-you-coming-3-km-away/>.

f)                "Vernor Vinge on the Singularity." MINDSTALK -- Damien R. Sullivan. Web. 07 Dec. 2011. <http://mindstalk.net/vinge/vinge-sing.html>.

g)               "Walking Robot Technology Advances Frankenstein Complex One More Rough Step." Inventions, Innovations and Interesting Ideas for the Inventor in All of Us. | InventorSpot. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. <http://inventorspot.com/articles/walking_robot_technology_advances_frankenstein_complex_one_more__42713>.

B.              Deputy Prime Minister:

I.            Robots are expensive

a.       Military bought 6 000 robots average price of each is 150 000 to 200 000$ [economy]

b.      The most expensive robot in the world costs 250 000$

II.            Robots/Machines will take our jobs from us

a.       People go to military to have scholarships

b.      Plants and Fabrics are full of robots and different mechanisms that can be controlled by a few people.

III.       California lost 12,900 jobs in the retail industry in November, but consumers spent 6% more than they did a year ago.(Los-Angeles  Times )

a.      In the stores like QFC one half is people cashiers and the other part is self- service 

IV.       Conclusion

a.      As you see, we should fear robots, because we want to be sure that our tomorrow and tomorrow of our families will be saved.  

a.      http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080804190711.htm

b.     http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/science/jan-june09/robots_04-23.html

c.      http://www.armyofrobots.com/current-use-military.html+++

d.     http://www.informationliberation.com/?id=6451

e.      http://marshallbrain.com/robots-in-2015.htm

f.      http://www.gizmag.com/foxconn-gears-up-to-build-industrial-robots/20389/

g.     http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2010/12/30/interview-the-state-of-ethical-robotics-and-why-we-really-fear-bad-robots/

h.     http://www.armyofrobots.com/effects-and-impact-of-military.html

i.       http://www.armyofrobots.com/effects-and-impact-of-military.html

II.               Second Government

A.              Member of the Government:

1.               Attention Getter: Robots – they will probably become smarter than us and they view us as a threat! This does not sound like a good situation for human beings.

a)               Especially considering that According to a MIT economist, “There is a 50% chance that by 2050 robots will have the same intelligence as humans” Then their intelligence won’t stop there.

2.               Reaffirm philosophy: You should fear robots and other types of artificial intelligence as the first government mention.

a)               Because they are increasing in intelligence and popularity

b)               Always finding a new job for them to do.

c)               Because robots could be used as military killing machines.

(1)            Another example of this can be found in the film Stealth.

(a)             Artificial intelligence fighter plane gets a mind of it’s own and a mission goes horribly wrong. There is currently a British fighter plane, which can think for it’s self. There could be the same results.

d)               Because of the cost.

e)               Because they are taking away jobs.

(1)            In fact, “The middle class is disappearing in large part because technology is rendering middle-class skills obsolete.” – MIT economist

3.               Preview Speech: I will tell you what is wrong with their arguments

4.               Present two new points. WE should fear robots because…

a)               They might become self-aware.

b)               They might then view us as a threat

5.               A Rebuttal and those pesky objections

a)                Rebuttal arguments

b)               Including restating partners arguments and support them.

6.               Answer Objections

a)               If my partners and I cite movies as examples, it is not because it actually happened but because there is a potential of this happening.

b)               Identification. Robots might become self –aware. They might ask questions like “Who Am I” or the might use this self-awareness to over ride what their human given purpose was.

c)               The fact that we have a moral compass will not be ok them. The robots do not understand that we are sometimes act on emotion and be irrational

d)               Robots might think that humans are their own biggest threat. Then the robot might do something about it.

(1)            Perfect example: Eagle Eye

7.               Works Citied

a)               Boyle, Rebecca. "Robots Are Stealing American Jobs, According to MIT Economist | Popular Science." Popular Science | New Technology, Science News, The Future Now. Bonnier Corporation, 15 Oct. 2010. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-10/robots-are-stealing-american-jobs-economists-say.

b)               Colgrass, Neal. "Experts Fear Robots Will Outsmart Humans." Newser | Headline News Summaries, World News, and Breaking News. Women's Forum/ Glam Family, 25 July 2009. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. http://www.newser.com/story/65305/experts-fear-robots-will-outsmart-humans.html.

c)               Marcot, Molly. "FEAR THE ROBOT - News." The Diamondback - University of Maryland. Access Network, 30 Sept. 2011. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. <http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/fear-the-robot-1.2622393>.

d)               Myers, Courtney B. "Ethical Robotics and Why We Really Fear Bad Robots - The Next Web." The Next Web - International Technology News, Business & Culture. Dyn, 30 Dec. 2010. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2010/12/30/interview-the-state-of-ethical-robotics-and-why-we-really-fear-bad-robots/.

e)               Oak, Manali. "Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence." Buzzle Web Portal: Intelligent Life on the Web. 9 Sept. 2011. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/pros-and-cons-of-artificial-intelligence.html.

f)                Ozimek, Adam. "Should We Fear the Robot Future?" Web log post. WordPress.com. 24 May 2011. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. http://modeledbehavior.com/2011/05/24/should-we-fear-the-robot-future/.

B.              Government Whip

1.               Attention Getter

a)               Would you like to wear a collar around your neck and be told when to eat, when to speak, and eliminate waste in public?

(1)             I argue that this could very well be a future for us and a very fearful future indeed

(2)             First let me address some housekeeping, then re-emphasize our argument to clarify this potentiality

2.               Rebuttal, Clarification and Points of Contention

3.               Re-emphasis on previous points

a)               Warrior Bots

(1)             BAE Taranis

(a)             Unmanned combat aircraft system (UCAS)

(b)             Difference from ucav’s (unmanned combat air vehicle)

(i)               Similar to many UCAV’s like X-47B in style

(a)              Difference in function

(i)                autonomous flight and target acquisition

(2)             Western nations are not unique in this

(a)             When other nations with less democratic iseals successfully implement their programs, the game changes drastically.

b)               Superintellignece, Self-Awareness and the problem of reliance

(1)             Superintelligence (any intellect that is vastly outperforms the best human brains in practically every field)

(a)             General vs Domain-Specific

(i)              Deep Blue is a Chess machine (Domain)

(ii)            Superintelligence will lead to more advanced superintelligence.

(a)              This results both from the improved hardware that a superintelligence could create, and also from improvements it could make to its own source code.

(2)             The problem of reliance

(a)             When Robots do all the work

(b)             We lose jobs – source of income

(i)               Less workers needed to fulfill supervisory roles

(a)              How can we all live in a society for free without working?

(i)                Socialism failed for a reason

(c)              We become less relevant

(i)               Could we not become pets to robots that deem our roles as unnecessary? Steve Wozniac, co-founder of Apple claims we will…

(a)              If so, why would they want to ensure our freedom?

(i)                The agendas they create would become primary

c)                The culmination of these problems

(1)             Weakened economy

(a)             Cost of technological innovation

(b)             Cost of fewer jobs on GDP

(2)             Proliferation of military robots

(a)             Robots designed for warfare have no function but to kill

(b)             As they become increasingly more intelligent they will continue to look for targets, even if none exist

(3)             Rise of superintelligence and efficiency

(a)             Problems with programming and short-sighted algorithms

(i)               Do jobs efficiently and eliminate waste

(a)              As humans become less useful, we become more wasteful

(i)                When are we considered worthy of elimination?

4.               Conclusion

a)               Therefore, we should fear the robots for three reasons

(1)             Negative impact on our economy

(2)             Domain Specificity and Warrior-bots

(3)             Efficiency and superintelligence might render us pets

http://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/ai.html

http://www.baesystems.com/BAEProd/groups/public/documents/bae_publication/bae_pdf_taranis_fact_sheet.pdf

http://www.northropgrumman.com/performance/?utm_source=Google&utm_medium=CPC&utm_content=Unmanned&utm_term=Unmanned+aircraft&utm_campaign=unmannedsystems&/#/unmanned-systems/air/x-47b

http://www.techtified.com/2009/07/intelligent-drones-will-fight-modern-wars-in-2047-usaf/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/2404425.stm

http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-11/india/29406216_1_ucavs-killer-drones-unarmed-shadow-drones

http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/technology/technology-news/humans-become-pets-in-rise-of-the-machines-apple-cofounder-20110603-1fkq0.html

http://www.viewzone.com/robotworkers.htmlhttp://www.innovationpolicy.org/technology-and-automation-create-not-destroy

http://econfuture.wordpress.com/2011/04/14/machine-learning-a-job-killer/

http://singularityhub.com/2009/12/15/martin-ford-asks-will-automation-lead-to-economic-collapse/

http://www.thelightsinthetunnel.com/

http://www.automationworld.com/information-management/fully-automated-factories-approach-reality

http://www.technicamix.com/2011/10/14/4-proofs-that-sci-fi-writers-were-right-about-artificial-intelligence/

Let’s work on this page together…

http://prezi.com/l5v81t0mxhy0/edit/?auth_key=2dd24zc&follow=f7hj06biehnq

also:

https://discovery.northwestu.edu/mod/resource/view.php?id=94521

https://discovery.northwestu.edu/mod/resource/view.php?id=86335

and:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankenstein_complex

http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2010/12/30/interview-the-state-of-ethical-robotics-and-why-we-really-fear-bad-robots/

http://history.msu.edu/hst250/2011/06/28/robots-and-ai-why-we-fear-it/

http://moralmachines.blogspot.com/2011/05/should-we-fear-robot-future.html

http://modeledbehavior.com/2011/05/24/should-we-fear-the-robot-future/

Pictures:

http://www.life.com/gallery/25341/image/83983041/robots-we-fear-robots-we-like#index/13

Video:

http://www.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,784887564001_2048332,00.html

Cheers!

Impromptu

Today I spoke on the topic "the time is now"
It was brief and not very good :-)

Commemorative Visual Aid Speech Assignment

Your name: Marc Derendinger

Topic of your speech: My August Grandfather

General purpose: To inspire

Specific purpose statement: My specific purpose is to inspire my audience by praising Auguste Francois Derendinger

Introduction: Story (details pending word from family)

Credibility step: I have known my Grandfather for almost 28 years.

Central idea: Today I would like to recognize a man who is truly worthy being called August.

Preview: Road map for the audience your main points. (May be part of central idea).

1. Youth and Background
1. War torn Strasbourg
1. family was fragmented
2. Working for the resistance
1. messenger
3. Working for the US foreign consulate
1. as an electrician and projectionist
2. Starting out in America
1. Work
1. sugar factory
2. door-to-door
3. insurance
2. Leadership
1. iconic and stoic ethic
2. morally and emotionally grounded
3. patron to posterity
3. Beacon of Light
1. Kind
2. Charitable
3. Upright

Main Points:

• Introduction "What's in a name?"
• Illustrate the fires that forged him.
• History
• Life in Strasbourg During WW2
•  Transition "Latin Root"
• Describe the waters that tempered him.
• Immigration 
• Starting Life Anew
• Transition "What Makes One Great?"
• Celebrate the oil that polished him.
•  Virtuous Characteristics
• Random Acts of Kindness
• Charitable
• Noble
• Transition "We Should Venerate Virtue"
• Conclusion "Truly Representative of One Who is Great"
• Given Name vs. Chosen Name
• Humility
• Title, not name?
• If we can understand August to mean venerable, then if one exhibits its attributes they are worthy of its title.

What's in a name?

• Means "great" or "venerable," derived from Latin augere "to increase." Augustus was the title given to Octavian, the first Roman emperor. He was the adopted son of Julius Caesar who rose to power through a combination of military skill and political prowess. This was also the name of three kings of Poland.

Augustus for 'August'

• After Julius's grandnephew Augustus defeated Marc Antony and Cleopatra, and became emperor of Rome, the Roman Senate decided that he too should have a month named after him. The month Sextillus (sex = six) was chosen for Augustus, and the senate justified its actions in the following resolution:
• Whereas the Emperor Augustus Caesar, in the month of Sextillis . . . thrice entered the city in triumph . . . and in the same month Egypt was brought under the authority of the Roman people, and in the same month an end was put to the civil wars; and whereas for these reasons the said month is, and has been, most fortunate to this empire, it is hereby decreed by the senate that the said month shall be called Augustus.
• Not only did the Senate name a month after Augustus, but it decided that since Julius's month, July, had 31 days, Augustus's month should equal it: under the Julian calendar, the months alternated evenly between 30 and 31 days (with the exception of February), which made August 30 days long. So, instead of August having a mere 30 days, it was lengthened to 31, preventing anyone from claiming that Emperor Augustus was saddled with an inferior month.
• To accommodate this change two other calendrical adjustments were necessary:
• The extra day needed to inflate the importance of August was taken from February, which originally had 29 days (30 in a leap year), and was now reduced to 28 days (29 in a leap year).
• Since the months evenly alternated between 30 and 31 days, adding the extra day to August meant that July, August, and September would all have 31 days. So to avoid three long months in a row, the lengths of the last four months were switched around, giving us 30 days in September, April, June, and November.
• Among Roman rulers, only Julius and Augustus permanently had months named after them—though this wasn't for lack of trying on the part of later emperors. For a time, May was changed to Claudius and the infamous Nero instituted Neronius for April. But these changes were ephemeral, and only Julius and Augustus have had two-millenia-worth of staying power."

---
Manuscript

            "Not everyone who has a title is worthy of it; not all of us are born worthy of our names.  Octavian, the first emperor of Rome; it wasn't until defeating Marc Anthony and Cleopatra that the Senate awarded him the title of “August Caesar.”  Venerable, great Caesar.  Augustus Caesar was not born into his name, but through his actions and character earned it.

            He and my Grandfather share that name.  Auguste Francois Derendinger.  Yet what is in a name?  Is it something given to us at birth, or must we earn it through our actions?  Though my Grandfather shares such a prestigious name, he has always referred to himself by his middle name.

My Grandpa Francois has chosen to call himself something more humble, more personable; that is the sort of man he is.  Yet through the tests, the trials and tribulations life has presented him, he always responded with greatness.  His lifestyle, his character, his very being is ingrained with this greatness.  Greatness of spirit.  Greatness of heart.  Greatness worthy of recognition.  His august character was crafted, just as a fine blade is crafted by a master smith.

            The fires that forged and formed his raw nature into the shape of something great began during the Second World War, in Strasbourg, France.  Living on a border town with Germany, he spent his youth under constant siege by battles.  Battles of strength, battles of will and resourcefulness.  This was formulaic to his ethic.

            Being alone required great resourcefulness, yet this was not some selfish response to a subsistence need.  This resourcefulness resulted from his empathy for the needs of those around him.  He often found himself performing deeds of service for those less fortunate.  Eventually, he was presented with the opportunity to travel to the United States of America after France's liberation. His resourcefulness led him to the land of plenty.  Where else can one have the greatest possible impact on others?  Where else can one find the fruition of life's purpose?  The greatness within was waiting to be tested, and required the waters of opportunity for tempering.

            The tempering of his nature left him searching for ever greater ways to care for those in need.  Despite starting small, this process led to the actualization of his passion; he would often find someone in need, and using his great resourcefulness, find a way to provide for their need.

            This brought him to his profession as a broker.  His ability to help others grew. His sphere of influence grew.  His family grew.  The oils of prosperity and providence were applied onto the sharpening stone of the Spirit; one could be honed to shine, or lose their edge and luster forever.

            What makes a person great?  I would argue that greatness is doing the noble, righteous and Spirit-led thing despite having the ability to do otherwise.  Greatness is taking the blessings of God, and sharing them with the world.  Greatness is providing means for others to fulfill their path in life.  It is shining as brilliantly as Damascus steel and not letting selfishness cloud or mar the hue.  My Grandfather has always been an iconic figure, a representation of what is good in the world.  He has exemplified how to be a good man: at work, with family, and within the community.

            We see that this greatness is a result of choices.  The choices of one whose character is imbued with the spirit of those august individuals whose name he bears, sharing in their strength and purpose as a light unto others.

            Indeed, one more deserving to be called august I have not met.  Through bad times and good, through times of hardship and plenty, through providence and diligence he has proven his greatness.  With kindness, charity and generosity of spirit.  Through all that he does he has shown an uprightness reserved for those we hear stories of.  Stories that move us.  Stories that inspire us.  Stories that create in us a passion for righteousness and altruism, sadly all too missing in our day.  Truly, this greatness has earned him his name, even demands his acceptance of it.

            Auguste Francois Derendinger, I am proud to know you, and am moved by you to become a greater person."

Informative Visual Aid Speech Assignment

Your name: Marc Derendinger

Topic of your speech: Ramen

General purpose: To inform

Specific purpose statement: My specific purpose is to inform my audience about the evolution of Ramen Noodles

Introduction: Story/joke/ idea of top ramen and broth

Credibility step: I've been a Ramen Otaku since I first experienced a true Ramen experience in 1999; Tampopo

Central idea: Ramen is more diverse (and delicious) than most people think; I would like to illustrate these diversities.

Preview: Road map for the audience your main points. (May be part of central idea).

1. History of Ramen
1. "Ramen noodles originated in China, where all noodles seem to have come from, and are called "Lo-Mein" in Chinese, which means boiled noodles. "Ra-men" is the Japanese pronunciation of the Chinese Characters for Lo-Mein" 
2. Types of Ramen
1. Instant 
1. "In 1958, instant noodles were invented by Momofuku Ando, the Taiwanese-Japanese founder and chairman of Nissin Foods."
2. Regional 
1. Sapporo, Kitakata, Tokyo, Yokohama, Hakata and more!
3. Significance of Ramen
1. "Named the greatest Japanese invention of the 20th century in a Japanese poll, instant ramen allowed anyone to make this dish simply by adding boiling water. Beginning in the 1980s, ramen became a Japanese cultural icon and was studied around the world from many perspectives. At the same time, local varieties of ramen were hitting the national market and could even be ordered by their regional names. A ramen museum opened in Yokohama in 1994."
2. "After the Second World War came an intense food shortage in Japan, a turning point in the history of noodles. " "After World War II, cheap flour imported from the U.S. swept the Japanese market." 

Tokyo-style ramen

Kitakata ramen

Hakata ramen with tonkotsu soup

Tsukemen dipping ramen

Aburasoba oiled noodles

Takayama ramen

Hiyashi (chilled) ramen

Butter corn ramen, a Hokkaido speciality

Zaru ramen

Shio ramen from a Southern California ramen restaurant

Sources

http://www.raumen.co.jp/ramen/ramen.html#f
http://www.konzak.com/ramen/ramhist.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramen
http://www.bento.com/phgal3.html


Outline of Main Points:

1. Introduction
1. Top ramen vs. Tampopo
2. History of Ramen
1. Origins
1. China
1. Lo-Mein or La-Mian
1. "The lower socio-econimic state of western China has encouraged many from the western provinces to move to more prosperous parts of China, and north-western cuisine has spread as a result. They tend to serve a variety of low cost meals, with a choice of lamian, 'dāoxīaomìan/dāoxuēmiàn' (刀削麵, knife-sliced noodles) and perhaps Xi'an-style 'paomo' (泡饃, steamed bread dipped in soup). Noodles may be served with beef or mutton, either in soup or stir-fried. Lamian can also be served cold with salad ingredients such as shredded cucumber and tomato to make a refreshing summer dish."
2. Japan
1. "Lamian was introduced in the Chinatowns of Kobe or Yokohama during the Meiji era. Historical linguistics is uncertain whether the word Ramen is the Japanese pronunciation of the term lamian or arrived via a different etymology. Ramen is usually prepared very differently from lamian."
3. Types of Ramen
1. Instant
1. "Instant ramen (a noodle dish) was invented in Japan in 1958. Today, more than 91 billion packages of instant ramen are eaten worldwide every year. Instant ramen is so simple to make and convenient to transport that millions of packages have been sent from Japan to victims of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods all over the world. Believe it or not, Americans eat more than 4 billion packages of instant ramen each year. That's enough noodles to reach the Moon and back 266 times!"
1. Walters, Jenny Desmond. "NOODLES That Changed the World." Appleseeds 11.3 (2008): 30. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
2. Regional
1. Varieties based on regions
1.  Tokyo
1. Tokyo style ramen consists of slightly thin, curly noodles served in a soy-flavoured chicken broth. The broth typically has a touch of dashi^{[clarification needed]}, as old ramen establishments in Tokyo often originate from soba eateries. Standard toppings on top are chopped scallion, menma, sliced pork, kamaboko, egg, nori, and spinach. Ikebukuro, Ogikubo and Ebisu are three areas in Tokyo known for their ramen.
2. Hakata
1. Hakata ramen originates from Hakata district of Fukuoka city in Kyushu. It has a rich, milky, pork-bone tonkotsu broth and rather thin, non-curly and resilient noodles. Often, distinctive toppings such as crushed garlic, beni shoga (pickled ginger), sesame seeds, and spicy pickled mustard greens (karashi takana) are left on tables for customers to serve themselves. Ramen stalls in Hakata and Tenjin are well-known within Japan. Recent trends have made Hakata ramen one of the most popular types in Japan, and several chain restaurants specializing in Hakata ramen can be found all over the country.
3. World
1. California
2. Paris
4. Significance of Ramen
1. blue collar champion
1. B-Gourmet food
1. "In Japan, connoisseurship allows consumers to blur the ‘tastes’ normally related to specific classes. For example, middle-class consumers fetishize B-grade gourmet or working-class culture by incorporating Japanese values—traditions, hardship, and social relationships—into their consumptive practices. At the same time, producing B-grade gourmet food gives working-class people confidence, pride, and satisfaction in their work that compensates for lack of a middle-class, university education."
1. Fukutomi, Satomi. "Connoisseurship of B-grade culture: Consuming Japanese national food ramen." Dissertation Abstracts International Section A 71. (2011). PsycINFO. EBSCO. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. 
1. Allows for ettiquette
1. Process and Kata
2. Noodles
1. Most noodles are made from four basic ingredients: wheat flour, salt, water, and kansui, which is essentially a type of alkaline mineral water, containing sodium carbonate and usually potassium carbonate, as well as sometimes a small amount of phosphoric acid. Originally, kansui was named after the water from Inner Mongolia's Lake Kan which contained large amounts of these minerals and was said to be perfect for making these noodles. Making noodles with kansui lends them a yellowish hue as well as a firm texture. For a brief time after World War II, low-quality tainted kansui was sold, though kansui is now manufactured according to JAS standards. Eggs may also be substituted for kansui. Some noodles are made with neither eggs nor kansui and should only be used for yakisoba.
   Ramen noodles come in various shapes and lengths. They may be fat, thin, or even ribbon-like, as well as straight or wrinkled.
    
2. world champion
1. The ramen museum and theme park in Yokohama, which serves all eight major regional styles of ramen, receives more than 120,000 visitors each year. 
2. Wiki 
1. Ramen has become popular in China in recent years where it is known as rìshì lāmiàn (日式拉面, "Japanese Style lamian"). Popular Japanese ramen chains serve ramen alongside distinctly Japanese dishes such as tempura and yakitori, something which would be seen as odd in Japan. 
2. Wagamama, a successful UK-based chain serving pan-Asian food mainly in Europe, is known for its noodle soups marketed as ramen (but which are quite different from ramen in Japan).
3. Ramyeon (라면) is the Korean version of ramen, usually in the form of instant noodles. Ramyeon in Korea is a popular instant meal, and Koreans lead the world in per capita instant ramen consumption at 75 meals per year. Korean ramyeon is known to be hot and spicy, as its soup is usually flavored with chili peppers. There are many varieties of Korean ramyeon, such as kimchi-flavored, seafood-flavored and beef-flavored. Some restaurants serve variations of ramyeon containing additional ingredients such as dumplings, tteok, cheese, etc. It is usually served with vegetables, such as carrots and green onions, and eggs on top.
4. In Central Asia the dish has thicker noodles, is significantly spicier, and is known as laghman.
5. In North America, Japanese instant noodles were imported starting in the 1970s bearing the name "ramen", causing the term "ramen" to be often used in North America to refer to instant noodles. Many restaurants now exist, however, that specialize in Japanese-style ramen, especially in major urban areas with large demand for Asian cuisine.
5. Conclusion
1. Ramen has moved from China throughout the world, and has become more diverse in the process.